ERA-MIN3 scope of the joint transnational calls is needs-driven research on non-fuel, non-food raw materials (metallic, construction and industrial minerals) that clearly demonstrate potential to promote the sustainable and responsible supply, exploration, extraction, processing technologies, production, consumption and recycling of primary and secondary minerals and metals, as well as substitution of critical raw materials, in a circular economy. There is a focus on resource efficient production and recycling that has low environmental impact and is economically feasible in the short-term. A crucial challenge is to consider societal impact and public perception, health and safety issues related to the different stages of the whole raw materials value chain. New business models and digital technologies will be crucial for transferring research results to the market.